The Influence of Interest Groups on Public Policy

The Influence of Interest Groups Introduction An interest group is an association of individuals or organizations who share ideas and/or attitudes and attempt to influence public policy without trying to be elected. These groups may also be known as advocacy groups, pressure groups, or lobbying groups. Berman and Murphy (2011) note that American democracy is influenced by a number of well organized groups designed to persuade government policy toward a particular outcome. Although many distrust these groups the reality is they are a link between the public and policy makers. Interest groups are formed for a number of reasons. Economic interest groups encompass organizations that speak for big business while trade associations may represent entire industries. Public interest groups, government interest groups, religious interest groups, civil rights interest groups, ideological interest groups, and single issue interest groups all try to sway their influence over public policy. Many of these groups make their national headquarters in Washington D.C. to be near legislators and policy makers (Burstein Linton, 2002). The number of interest groups in the United States has grown quickly over the last half century. From 1959 to 2001 the Encyclopedia of Associations shows increase from about 6,000 to 22,000 reflecting a growing diversity in interest groups. While trade groups once dominated the scene this is no longer the case, very few occupations of industries do not haveShow MoreRelatedInterest Groups And Their Influence On Public Policy1416 Words   |  6 PagesInterest groups are organized to create an influence in governmental policies. Interest groups abide by three structures: interest groups share common interests and goals, they are an organized structure, and they desire to influence public policy. Interest groups come in many different sizes and backgrounds but all are important to representatives and reelections. 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A political party is a group of dedicatedRead MoreWhy Voting Is Important For Public Policy853 Words   |  4 Pages Voting is very essential and one of the easiest methods to influence public policy. You just need to be registered, and go to a polling station. It is simple because the government encourages people to vote, to hear a broad range of opinions. It is a form of direct democracy because when you vote, it directly affects the side or issue you support. Your vote is one more supporting opinion for a candidate or issue that is counted. Some people may think that their vote won’t make a big differenceRead MoreThe Presidential Campaign And Obama s Administration970 Words   |  4 Pageswas interest groups and lobbyists. Obama had to deal with interest groups all throughout his presidency, whether it was dealing with Congress or his interaction with committees. Over time interest groups have taken on a larger and more important role in government. The intera ction between interest groups and Obama played an influential role in shaping his presidency. Special interest groups are a group of people, usually formally organized that share a common concern and wish to influence public

Essay about The Pros and Cons of Nicotine - 1500 Words

Positive and Negative Aspects of the Chemical Nicotine Nicotine, one of the most unusual psychoactive drugs known, and the primary pharmacological agent of addiction in cigarettes, triggers powerful physical and psychological reactions in species as diverse as cockroaches and humans. Nicotine has been proven to boost concentration, improve memory and control body weight, as well as alleviating the symptoms of Alzheimers and Parkinsons Disease sufferers. However, research has also established that nicotine adversely affects babies in utero and may explain the link between smoking and problems such as Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Attention Deficit Disorder. The hope for the future is that scientists will be able to separate†¦show more content†¦Nicotine has a powerful addicting effect because it is absorbed rapidly into the pulmonary circulation following inhalation from which it passes through the left side of the heart and into the cerebral circulation. It rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds to specific receptors in various parts of the brain. Stimulation of receptors by nicotine results in the activation of a number of neurohumoral pathways leading to release of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, vasopressin and various hormones. Nicotine causes the release of the substance b-endorphin, an endogenous peptide that also binds to opiate receptors. This indicates a link between addiction to opiates, such as morphine and heroin, and addiction to nicotine. Nicotine affects nearly all components of the endocrine and neuroendocrine systems, including catecholamines, serotonin, corticosteroids and pituitary hormones. Some of these endocrine effects are mediated by actions of nicotine on brain neurotransmitter systems. In addition, nicotine causes skeletal muscle relaxation and has cardiovascular effects. Nicotine is a powerful substance in controlling brain function. 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Strategic Information System AIS/ERP Systems

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System for AIS/ERP Systems. Answer: Introduction A good number of companies have been rated to perform reasonably well across the globe because of the systems that they have developed when it comes to dealing with their processes. The subject systems are mainly computerized and have been able to input the concept of technology which has made it easier for better production of the companies output. The systems that are normally associated with better performance of the mentioned companies are those of AIS/ERP (Conference Simulation and Planning in high Atonomy Systems Kim 2005). AIS/ERP is an abbreviation for Accounting Information System. This is a system whose main aim is majorly on collecting or gathering, storing and processing the data of accounts that are mainly applicable in decision making procedures (Association for Information Systems 2004). The magnitude of the task done by an Accounting Information System shows that, the system is generally a computer based method that is used for tracking the activities of accounting in conjunction with the resources of information technology. The research in context is therefore based on AIS/ERP systems that will be applied offered as an alternative to the clients in the two cases that are provided. On the same point, this research also exhausts inner definition of business process and its requirements, determination of the system requirements, software selection and finally vendor selection (Desrist 2013). Research Question Research on how technologies could be used to improve the operations of the company above in areas of accounts and operations with regards to AIS/ERP System Problem Statement Due to poor performance that was noted in Disk4u Company in matter of accounting and operations, the company decided to consult on how technologies could be used to improve its areas of accounts and operations with regards to AIS/ERP system (Ferran Salim 2008) Research Objective 1.3.1 To determine the full meaning of AIS/ERP systems 1.3.2 To determine how the system has proved vital for the problem in context 1.3.3 To exhausts at least one type of research system that is relevant to the research Hypothesis of the Study The research study was mainly conducted for purposes of improving the operations of various companies and organization. This was out of the perception that a number of companies have not been performing well based on poor techniques of operations that are not aligned to technology (Harindranath 2002). Chapter Two Research Literature Review Case 1 Step One Analysis There is a presentation of two cases, one being of Sydney Based Company known as Disk4u and it majorly deals with the selling of CDs and Vinyl records. The company is among the small family owned business that is spread out within the Metropolis of Sydney. It is noted that the current situation of their business is on offering sales to their esteemed customers on shop fronts, vial mails, phone orders and new online channels through Ebay (Grabot, Mayere Bazet 2008). The techniques of sale for this company is argued to have greatly improve the products and services output especially on their manual accounting as well as business reporting. Nevertheless, the company is not comfortable with its status quo and has therefore has called on consultancy in areas of accounts and business systems. It is also captured that the main aim of the company in question is to be informed of and understand how technologies with respect to the mentioned systems could be used to improve the operations of the company (Government Commnication Information System South Africa 2004). Importance Of Technology With Regards To The Above Case The use of technology as mentioned in the introductory paragraph is a vital area that can easily accelerate a company or an organization into greater highs. The company in context can easily adopt technology especially in areas where it was seeking for consultancy services (accounting and system of operation). For years technology has been given the consideration of a formal and a wide spread remedy of success (Otto 2008). It is out of increased knowledge in technology that there has been the adoption of accounting information system (Iinternational Conference on Application of natural language to information systems 2011). Therefore, there is likelihood that the adoption of technology by Disk4u Company can improve their areas of accounts and even scale them to greater heights. The first way on how the subject is possible, is on the adoption of a number of AIS systems that are relevant to their areas of concerns (International Conference on Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems Poels 2013). For example, the company in context adopting the use of computers in their operations. Computers are one of the AIS systems that have got the ability to gather financial data, process and finally accounting the data for key company stakeholders for purposes of decision making (KhoSrow-pour 2006). Other than that, a computer also has got the ability to store the financial records and even companys book of accounts in soft copy. This particular AIS system has got several software selections within it that allows it to be of benefit to companies and organizations. Nearly every business or organization across the globe has got accessibility to this particular AIS system due to its vitality (The journal of strategic information systems 2010). On the other hand, the other means by which the operations of the company in context can be improved is through the application of system based records. Though a computer is also an example of a system based record, there are other system base records that can perform those functions that a computer can perform. System based records or system of records are mainly used for the purpose of generating organizational records and also the filing of the records. If the company adopts this kind of system then it will be able to keep track of its activities and at the same time will be able to make continuous assessments to its way or mode of operation. In addition, Accounting Information system are designed in a number of ways to fit the needs of accounts and general operations of a company, some of the ways in which they designed includes; financial accounting, auditing managerial of accounts as mentioned previously and finally issues that are tax related amongst others (Llewellyn 1976). Technology with regards to AIS can greatly improve the operations of a company at a greater length as mentioned in the above paragraph. Furthermore, it is known to everyone in the business domain that technology reduces the work load of a company and makes tasks easy to perform. It also increases efficiency and end products value. Other than that, AIS/ERP systems are usually cost effective and thus will be able to improve the operations of the subject company without consuming much money. It was mentioned in the research outline that the company is ready to apply the application of technology into its operation for the purpose of efficiency but it is also keen on ensuring that its budget does not go above an estimate of $ 150,000 (Mcllod 2000). The irony is that, the subject system if applied especially in areas of concern as mentioned in a number of paragraphs, there is a possibility of the budget being reduced by almost half. This will mainly be pegged on the reduction on workload that would have brought a number of employees on board who in the end must be paid for their ervices (Nash Roberts 2014). The system in context will perform the task with only the help of a few experts but the end result will be of vitality. Requirements of AIS/ERP systems in order to improve the operations of Disk4u Company in view of issues related to accounts and companys operations The AIS/ERP system has got a number of requirements or necessities that needs to be brought on board for them to operate effectively. Most of these requirements are mainly those that support their operations and allow them increase output. The major requirements are power and expertise. On matters related to power, most of the AIS system are electronically made and therefore depends on electricity for powering. On the same aspect, it also requires expertise to operate them.AIS/ ERP can only be operated by those who have the relevant knowledge on operating them because they deal with very technical issues that are vital companies. Apart from the already discussed, AIS/ERP systems also involves a number key areas, these areas are on software selection and vendor requirements. Software selection is a very critical area when it comes to the development of the system in question. This is because; its development must incorporate the overall task it is intended for. Like in the case of Dis k4 Company, the main intent is for it in line with technology to help in matters of accounts and also operation management. It is therefore vital that the selection of softwares to be in line with the work intended. In this particular case, there will be a need for an AIS/ERP system that can easily deal with and handle accounting related problems and operational issues. Case Study 2 Research Analysis on the case study in context. This case study about a Victoria based rice and wild rice producer known as Sungate Foods. It is noted that, the rice producer above, mills up to around 80 tons every hour especially in situations where it is in peak seasons (Strategic information systems NCC Blackwell and Remenyi 2012). In the financial year 2013, the rice producing company in context, employed a base of 100 staffs who were based mainly in three processing warehouse that is located in Western Victoria and a marketing office that is in Melbourne. Sungate is also noted to enclose tons of storage of about 125,000 square feet and 300,000 metric tons of storage. The subject Victoria rice and wild rice producer owns it own rail spur of about 250,000 square feet of blacktop and also pollutant control equipment that is used for scrubbing almost 240,000 cubic feet of air per minute. It is mentioned in the case in context that when the season is at its peak, processing of the produce can reach up to 80 tons per hour and staff tops 200 on 24 hours a day and a seven days week shifts. The case goes further to illustrate that to illustrate that Sungate buys from about 350 farms, then makes packages, distributes and then sells to people within the local environment as well as international level (Pole, Mayer Walters 2002). The staffs of this particular producing company are mentioned to be working weeks making a compilation both financial and reports of business mainly those that have their origin from the patchwork of ISs and other related formats. Research on the information system that can be used by Sungate to improve its company operations especially in areas that deals with accounting and various business reports A number of experts both in the business domain and in the field of accounting as a profession have always argued it out that information is software that is made or designed for purposes of organizing or even storing data (Remenyi 2012). An information system therefore, enables business companies to answer technical questions and solve problems to the mission of raising the standards of their companies and organizations. Since Sungate is a company that seems to be faced by a number problems and issues and it is because of this fact that it has seen need for consultancy in areas matters related to information system and technologies, there would be more than one information system researched on for purpose of improving its operation, especially on matters of accounting and business reporting. The first system that would be used by Sungate would be that on expert system and neutral networks. This particular system is also reffered to as knowledge based system. It a computerized system that is used for data analysis and also production of recommendation, this system is thus important to Sungate because it will have a number of input that it will bring to the subject rice producing company. The ability of a computerized information system will be on processing data, offering analysis and finally making the necessary recommendations that will spur the organization to the next level. If Sungate adopts this information system in context, if adopted by Sungate Foods which is a Victoria based rice and wild rice producer, there will be elimination of a number of problems that the company would have face should it not adopt it (Molander 2008). Some of the areas that this information system would be applicable would be on making packages of their products. In this case, Sungate may decide to connect the packaging activity with technology and this will automatically increase its overall output. Though not mentioned, the case study provided may give a brief overview of the current situation of the company. If incase the information system in question is adopted, then there will be an indirect increase in the accounts of the company. The reason that is pegged to this is on the inc rease output which will automatically increase the financial accounts of the company. Another point that can also be of interest if this information system is adopted would be on data management and analysis. This can be both applicable to the areas that were mentioned in the case in discussion (accounting and business reporting). Data management is possible in accounting because just like in any field of relevance where data is involved, the same applies to accounting. The only difference is that, the data in accounting is reffered to as financial data. Once this data is managed, then, it is possible for the data to be analyzed and even used in decision making (Mcllod, 2010) Information systems). Other than the mentioned example of information system to be adopted by Sungate Company, the other type of information system that can also be used is that of decision support system. Though it may seem as if the system in context is used for purposes of decision making, the perception is false. This particular information system influences business reporting as well as accounts at a greater extent. The influence is indirect. This is because the system is aligned with the promotion of better decision making. Once better decisions are made, the decision made will be applied to the accounting procedures and in the end both the companys operation and accounting procedures will be improved. Looking at Sungate Food which is a Victoria based rice and wild rice producer, there is a likelihood that should it adopt the information system in context, then its output will be of benefit to the company. In addition to the mentioned, the system in context can also affect the overall activities of the company in question. In normal circumstances, systems that are related to matters of decision making are considered the best by key company operators. The system in context ensures that everything is put into place and the morale of even the employees is at a better stand. In the end, the financial accounts of the company will show a positive graph and matters of operation will equally be enhanced. The third information system is that of management information system. Under management information system, this is where the concern of Sungate Company on business reporting is addressed. Business reporting involves giving all the information that is related to the business. Therefore, the mentioned information system directly links or relates to with the requirement of the company in context. Methodology Qualitative method Research on Case study 1 This research is purely based on qualitative analysis method because it seeks to make inquiry about certain facts or issues. In the research analysis above, it is evident that Disk4u Company is seeking on consultancy on key areas related to their business so as to improve its operation as well as its general accounts methods (Wisemen Wisemen 2008). Research on Case study 2 Just like the first case, the research method that will be applied on the second case is that of qualitative. This is because, it also seek to ascertain some vital information or facts. For the second case, the producing company in context seeks to know information that are system related, and to determine the type of system that will best suit the operations of the company. The suitability of the system will determine whether, if the system is applied or put into consideration will improve the workability of the company and in the end increasing its operations (Laudon Laudon 2000). On the same note to support the qualitative method, the company again is concerned with the adoption of technology that will enable it erase most of the problems that they encounter. Therefore, with the explanation given, it is clear that it is qualitative method of research that aims at achieving certain objectives especially in a business environment, just like in the case of Sungate (Pelphrey 2015). Therefore, the research method in context fits the research for the second case. Finally, another information system that can also be used by Sungate Company is that of transaction processing. Transaction processing system is one which ensures that there are smooth transactions taking place in a business environment. In the case study, matters of transaction are not well taken care of. Transaction can occur in several ways, including in specifics mentioned in the research question (United States Information Agency 2007). That is on matters of accounts as well as matters that are related to business operations. This information system can therefore be used or can be applied in assessing the financial transaction of Sungate. By so doing, Sungate as a company will be able to monitor most of its transactions with regards to accounts and perform favorably in the business domain. Other than the discussed perspective, it can be deduced that, since the system in question is majorly concerned with transaction, it will therefore have a direct influence on business reporting (Vickery 2013). The reporting of the business will be made easier and more productive because a number of concerns or activities have been taken into keen consideration. This method thus fits in the environment of Sungate Foods which is mainly a Victoria rice producer as well as a wild rice producer. As a way of finalizing on the research in context, it is vital to note that all the above discussed concerns including those on information systems are technologically updated and are therefore likely to offer much output to the firm in question (Ward Griffith 2006). Conclusion This research task has extensively touched on issues that are related to AIS/ERP systems for the client. It has also included the main definition of business process and a development its requirement. On the same objective, it has also determined related system requirements, software selection and finally matters of vendor selection. The research has also looked at two case studies and has extensively made a coverage on key areas pertaining technology among other key areas that are technology related as well as those that deals with information related systems. The systems have been explained extensively and how they can help improve the organizational overall output in the final end. References Association for Information Systems. (2004). Information systems journal. [Oxford, England], Blackwell Science Ltd. https://firstsearch.oclc.org. Conference on Al, Simulation, and Planning in high Atonomy Systems, Kim, T. G. (2005). Artificial intelligence and simulation: 13th International Conference on AI, Simulation, and Planning in High Autonomy Systems, AIS 2004, Jeju Island, Korea, October 4-6, 2004: revised selected papers. https://site.ebrary.com/id/10531345. Desrist (Conference), Brocke, J. V., Hekkala, R., Ram, S., Rossi, M. (2013). Design science at the intersection of physical and virtual design: 8th International Conference, DESRIST 2013, Helsinki, Finland, June 11-12, 2013. Proceedings. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3096821. Ferran, C., Salim, R. (2008). Enterprise resource planning for global economies: managerial issues and challenges. Hershey, PA, Information Science Reference. Grabot, B., Mayere, A., Bazet, I. (2008). ERP systems and organisational change: a socio-technical insight. London, Springer. Government Commnication Information System (SOUTH AFRICA). (2004). Strategic plan: Government Communication and Information System (GCIS), 2004-2007. [Pretoria?], [Government Communication and Information System?]. Harindranath, G. (2002). New perspectives on information systems development: theory, methods, and practice. New York, Springer. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3079164. Iinternational Conference on Application of natural language to information systems, Munoz, R, Montoyo, A, metals Natural language processing and information systems: 16th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB 2011, Alicante, Spain, June 28-30, 2011 : proceedings. Heidelberg, Springer. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3066825. International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Engineering Ssytems, Khosla, R., Howlett, R. J., JAIN, L. C. (2005). Knowledge-based intelligent information and engineering systems: 9th international conference, KES 2005, Melbourne, Australia, September 14-16, 2005 : proceedings. Springer E-Books. https://site.ebrary.com/id/10528955. International Conference on Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems, Poels, G. (2013). Enterprise information systems of the future: 6th IFIP WG 8.9 Working Conference, CONFENIS 2012, Ghent, Belgium, September 19-21, 2012, Revised selected papers. Berlin, Springer. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3096930. (2001). The journal of strategic information systems. [Amsterdam], North-Holland. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09638687. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2000). Management information systems: organization and technology in the networked enterprise. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall. Llewellyn, R. W. (2006). Information systems. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall. KhoSrow-Pour, M. (2006). Cases on strategic information systems. Hershey PA, Idea Group Pub. https://www.books24x7.com/marc.asp?bookid=13266. Mcllod, R. 2010). Information systems. New York, Macmillan. Molande, R. C. (2008). Strategic information warfare rising. Santa Monica, CA, RAND. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truescope=sitedb=nlebkdb=nlabkAN=47926. Nash, J. F., Roberts, M. B. (2014). Accounting information systems. New York, Macmillan. Otto, A. (2008). Entwicklung von Datenschutzrollen fuÃÅ'ˆr das AIS im SAP ERP. SaarbruÃÅ'ˆcken, VDM Verlag Dr. MuÃÅ'ˆller. Pelphrey, M. W. (2015). Directing the ERP Implementation: A Best Practice Guide to Avoiding Program Failure Traps While Tuning System Performance. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truescope=sitedb=nlebkdb=nlabkAN=974062. Pole, R., Mayer, T. F., Walters, C. B. (2002). The correspondence of Reginald Pole. Aldershot, Hants, England, Ashgate. ). Strategic information systems. NCC Blackwell. Remenyi, D. (2012 United States Information Agency. (2007). USIA strategic information resources management plan. Washington, D.C., U.S. Information Agency, Office of Technology, Planning Division. Vickery, B. C. (2013). Information systems. [Hamden] Conn, Archon Books. Ward, J., Griffith, P. M. (2006). Strategic planning for information systems. Chichester, Wiley. Wisemen, C., Wisemen, C. (2008). Strategic information systems. Homewood, Ill, Irwin.

Management Method of Jack Ma free essay sample

Mission5 Teamwork6 Conclusion 7 Reference8 Introduction Jack Ma is a legend , he is the leader of Alibaba , the founder of the world first E-commerce platform. Jack create a miracle , his company use to be a small company with only 500000 yuans capital , now its market capitalization become more than 20 billion dollar . Jack know less about technology information , but he proficient in management , in his opinion , if you have enough management skill layman also can manage the expert . He believes , a good leader must be versatile ,in his understanding, the relationship between leader employee customer and owner is really important , good management method can help you to solve all these questions . In the following article I will introduce some Jack Mas management skill and talk about the reason of his success . Target Nowadays there are always more choices for a us, but this may not be a good thing for a company , so the leader should have a clearly target , their work is not finding new opportunity but say no to useless things to them . We will write a custom essay sample on Management Method of Jack Ma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Leader should find out the most correctly way for his company , make sure they will run on a normal track . Jack Ma use a story to explain this point of view : if there are 10 rabbits , which one should you catch ? Too much choices will made you feel dazzle , the person who wants to catch all the rabbits must be the loser , cause they can not concentrate on one thing , and can make decision . So iust seize the opportunity which is best for you . Jack Ma believes ,A company who wants to be successful must concentrate on one target , too many goals will disrupt morale , employees not knowing which course to follow . Jack Ma raised that , ALibaba should be a longevity company , he proposed a goal for long and directional , he said this kind of goal can do good on the development of his company . Because of this kind of goal derives a series Alibaba s related system and culture . Of course , the reason why Jack can notice the specific importance of a concentrated target is : When the company was found , Jack use to attract plenty of enterprise s MBA to his company by big amount of funds , but 12 senior manager except him was overseas staff , so the company did not run well because of their different management methods and goals. This gives him a lesson , so he knows that , staff who have dreams and willing to pay for the company is much better that a staff just used to work in a big company , the latter are technical-oriented , they are not stable and have their fixed pattern , if they work together , they must imped each other . Alibaba needs staff who have dreams for their team , they working for Alibaba s dream , a long life company , in their first venture period they only use one month to turn their company from world ranking 8000 to 2000 . Now it become a world famous company , so we can know the importance of the target . System of Values Jack Ma used to talk about the importance of culture to a company in his lecture , just like company s DNA , system of values is the nuclear of organizational cultural . System of values is a judgment of the importance of things , the system of values of a organization is a decision factors of development . What is the important things to Alibaba , Jack Ma summed up as six pats : customer first , integrity , dedication , change ,passion and teamwork . Jack Ma put customers in the most important part , staffs should become customer service to their instinct . Jack knew that , nowadays concept is very indistinct , what the customers need are genuineness service . The nuclear is made their product according to the market and listen to customers attentively . As a E-commerce platform , Alibaba use the world s original creation B2B system , after exchange their idea to customers , they found the main problem that over 87% company worry about is integrity , so Alibaba first provide Trustpass service . Jack Ma s opinion is provide good service so that we can have more customers . After B2B system , Alibaba then create B2C and C2C system and new trading platform like Zhifubao . Jack Ma considered that short term passion is worthless , only lasting passion can make money . But what is lasting passion ? Now Alibaba is ! 0 years old , the average age of their staff is 26 , Alibaba is still in childhood , after 10 years the company become 20 , their staffs are 36 years old , they are in prime of life and have boundless prospects . Jack leave more chance for the young people , cause they can last the passion of the company , Jack Ma s management method tell us we should give more chance to young people , they are the fresh bloody for a company , they can always inject passion to their work and make good use of their competition . Mission Mission is a kind of identity , for business occupation is staff s mission . Mission is the eternal power for staff . Jacks third management method is based on training staff s mission , make staff work for them wholeheartedly . Looking at the world-renowned enterprises , their success is inseparable from the mission . As a E-commerce platform , Alibaba use the world s original creation B2B system . After B2B system , Alibaba then create B2C and C2C system and new trading platform like Zhifubao and Aliwangwang . Jack found a college for cultivate the business ability of college students . They also provide training lessons for their own staff so that they can improve themselves . They departure from the fundamental , provide more chance for young businessman . Except for providing quality service , Alibaba also undertake social responsibilities initiativly . Jack Ma treat his own business career as a public property. During the period of WeiChuan earthquake in 2008 , Alibaba donated 5000000 , after that they established a special fund of 25 million . Because of this kind of mission and dedication for clients and customers , made Alibaba become a reliable company . Teamwork In Jack s opinion , CEO means customer , employee and owner . He also think that the biggest fortune for a entrepreneur is his employee , they are a team , a team provide chance for the hole companys success . One piece of log creates a small fire, adequate to warm you up, add just a few more pieces to blast an immense bonfire, large enough to warm up your entire circle of friends; needless to say that individuality counts, but team work dynamites. said Jack Ma . Businesses of today are largely concerned about their profits. They are taking every possible step to increase their turnover. The most important aspect that has a very substantial and positive impact on any business is teamwork. Effective teamwork is very significant for a company to use employee potential to the fullest. Teamwork is not only used in the corporate world to achieve targets on time, but also in the world of sports. If a team works towards a goal collectively, no one can stop it from reaching its goal. Due to the importance of teamwork in business, employers prefer to hire employees who are good team players . For becoming a good and effective team player in your company, you are required to have a particular set of skills and capabilities said Jack Ma You most importantly should have a good listening skill. This surely proves to be useful in listening to ideas, views, suggestions and conceptions of other employees or subordinates. You should be able to discuss the ideas and strategies suggested by your colleagues. Encourage the participation of every member in the team for a collective effort to achieve a goal. You also need to be able to share knowledge and understanding among the team members. A not to be missed skill is to give respect to others. If you want to be a good team player, you should learn to respect people and their ideas. These are just a few essentials that are required for becoming a good team member. Why is Teamwork Important in Business? Jack Ma Said there are several reasons Achieving Goals It is a widely understood concept, that united we stand and divided we fall. Same is in the case of a team in a business. Collective team activities are very important if the company or a process wants to reach its goal. There are some tasks that cannot be done individually, but can be easily accomplished by working in a team. Increasing Individual Learning In simple terms, a team is a group of people who have come together for achieving a common objective. Therefore, in a group of people, there are many intelligent minds and brains working. When team members work together as a team, they can learn the skills and capabilities of each other and advance their knowledge. This certainly can be beneficial in your professional as well as personal life. Resolving Conflicts There are many types of conflicts that may arise in the company, which may in turn have an adverse effect on the collective output. In order to resolve business conflicts; the knowledge, understanding and expertise can be used efficiently for determining solutions to the problems. This significantly helps the business to grow. Good Communication Communication is an inevitably important factor in teamwork. When employees work in a team, they are able to pass on their ideas clearly. This rules out the possibilities of miscommunication due to complex hierarchy in the company. And due to ideas and concepts passed clearly, there is no scope for misunderstanding. Generating New Business Improvement Ideas If a manager encourages team members to participate in collective decision making, he will be able to reach a good strategy by considering views and suggestions from all members. The business can also think of incorporating ideas suggested by the team members. Employee participation in the management is a very effective tool in meliorating business strategies. Those in the team leadership should conduct team building activities for letting employees know each other better, and work in a team effectively. Conclusion Jack use his special management method create a new era for both him and his company . Alibaba now the world famous company bring us lots of successful experience that worth to learn . A successful leader should know how to manage his company , good management method can bring us not only profit but also plenty of potential wealth . Reference PuZhu 2008 10-01 Jack Ma Talks about Management HaiTian publishing house Teamwork(2010),baidu,[online],availablefrom http://www. buzzle. com/articles/why-is-teamwork-important. tml Jack,MasManagement,(2008)xinlang,,availablefrom http://ilove07ad. blog. 163. com/blog/static/1272196572009931391948/ Leadership or Alibaba ,(2010),xinlang,available from http://blog. sina. com. cn/s/blog_4c6c39790100096a. html Jack Ma talk about Management (2008),xinlang,available from http://ishare. iask. sina. com. cn/f/21979664. html Leadership challenges (2009),baidu available from http://www. linkedin. com/answers/international/internationalization-loc alization/INT_INZ/56289-8296586

milfoil in the northwest essays

milfoil in the northwest essays In Northern Idaho weed infestations of lakes, rivers, and streams have been increasing over the last few years. Doug Freeland is the Northern Idaho expert on a particular type of underwater weed, milfoil, that is rapidly spreading through many freshwater sources in Idaho as well as the rest of North America. Freelands expertise has been used by Idaho counties, Washington counties, and the US Forest Service on the particularly nasty weed. Eurasian milfoil, or formally, Myriophyllum Spicatum L, comes from the Latin "mille" and "foille" meaning "thousand leaf." This is an accurate description of the weed; from a thin stem that rises from the bottom of lakes or rivers, many small, delicate green leaves about 2 to 5 inches in length emerge. The stem can continue to grow to the surface of the water and bloom a small flower above the surface for pollination. Eurasian milfoil spreads and grows quickly like dandelions in a lawn, but milfoil presents more of a problem than an eyesore. In some Washington lakes and streams, milfoil is a leading killer of native underwater plant life and native fish. Milfoils chemical processes are poisonous to most fish that try to feed on the plant and other plants cannot compete with its rapid growth. Milfoil has caused even more problems though. Swimmers have become tapped and drowned in some thickly grown infestations in Western Washington. Obviously, milfoil has become an ecological and s afety issue over the past few years. Doug Freeland has been heading the battle in Northern Idaho to control the weed. Milfoil spread is due mostly to humans because boat bottoms, boat motors, fishing equipment, and other water craft catch the milfoil spores or pieces of milfoil and can easily spread the weed to a different body of water. There is a possibility of natural spreading of the weed; for example, spores could attach to the bottom of a duck that flies to another lake or stre ...

Using Antes and Related Spanish Phrases

Using Antes and Related Spanish Phrases Antes is a common way of saying  before, but it is often necessary to use it in the phrases antes de and antes de que.   How To Use Antes The easiest way to think about the differences between antes by itself and the two phrases is to consider which part of the sentence antes connects with. If it affects the meaning of the entire sentence or of a verb, then its functioning as an adverb and stands alone. Another way of thinking about this, although it doesnt cover all instances, is that  if it makes sense to translate antes as beforehand or earlier (theyre both adverbs) then you should use antes by itself: Antes fuimos a la ciudad. (Earlier, we went to the city.)No lo habà ­a visto antes. (I had not seen it beforehand.)Yo corrà ­a ms antes.  (Earlier, I used to run more.)Antes habà ­a muchos casos de tuberculosis en las zona. (Before, there were many tuberculosis cases in the area.) Antes de (not antes de que), on the other hand, functions like a two-word preposition and connects with a noun that follows (or an infinitive functioning as  a noun): Fue difà ­cil viajar antes de la era industrial.  (It was difficult to travel before the industrial era.)Yo tenà ­a miedo antes del comunicado oficial.  (I was afraid before the official announcement.)Llene este formulario antes de salir.  (Fill out this form before leaving.)No creers cà ³mo Disney hacà ­a sus pelà ­culas antes de las computadoras. (You will not believe how Disney made its films before there were computers.) Finally, antes de que (or antes que, a regional variation used the same way), functions as a subordinating conjunction, which indicates the connection between one event and another and is followed by a noun and a verb (or a verb where the noun is implied): Necesito perder peso antes de que empiece el verano. (I need to lose weight before summer begins.)Mi padre se fue antes que yo naciera.  (My father left before I was born.)Antes de que estudiemos el sol, aprenderemos un algo sobre los tomos de hidrà ³geno.  (Before studying the sun, we will learn something about hydrogen atoms.)Controle su ira antes de que ella le controle a usted. (Control your anger before it controls you.) Note that as in the above examples, the verb following antes de que or antes que is in the subjunctive mood. This is true even when the subjunctive verb refers to something that definitely will or already has happened. One way of understanding the differences is to look at the three variations used in sentences that begin the same: Lo sabà ­a todo antes. I knew it all before. (Antes affects the meaning of the entire sentence and functions as an adverb. This is the only example of these three where beforehand or earlier would work as a translation.)Lo sabà ­a todo antes de hoy. I knew it all before today. (Antes de functions as a preposition with hoy, a noun, as its object.)Lo sabà ­a todo antes (de) que comenzara el trabajo. I knew it all before the job began. (Antes (de) que indicates the time connection between what could otherwise be two sentences.) Ante vs. Antes Although ante is sometimes translated as before, it should not be confused with antes. Although the two words are clearly related, they have separate uses. In modern Spanish, ante is a preposition that means before only in the sense of being in the presence of or in the face of. Common translations include in front of or facing. It can also be translated at considering or compared to. Ha subido las escaleras y se ha colocado ante la estatua de la diosa. (He had climbed the stairs and had planted himself in front of the statue of the goddess.)En una ocasià ³n me invitaron a hablar ante las estudiantes de la Escuela de Negocios de Harvard. (One time they invited me to speak before Harvard Business School students.)Tenemos que aprender a ser tolerantes ante nuestras diferencias raciales. (We need to learn to be tolerant in light of our racial differences.) ¿Te gustarà ­a vivir ante la playa y con maravillosas vistas a mar y montaà ±a? (Would you like living facing the beach with marvelous views of sea and mountain?) Key Takeaways Antes functions as an adverb that, when used by itself, typically means before or earlier.The phrases antes de and antes de que function as a two-word preposition and three-word conjunction, respectively.Ante is a preposition that often means in front of or considering.

Case #3 Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#3 - Case Study Example Innovation is forming new ideas and coming up with solutions for the problems which arise in the future. It is a tool which the entrepreneurs use as an opportunity to acquire sustainability in the business and differentiating the product from that of the competitors. Through the use of innovation, competitive advantage can be acquired and this enables the businesses in acquiring a dominant position within the industry (Muller, Và ¤likangas, & Merlyn, 2005). Innovation is integral for the organizations in the modern day business environment. Innovations allow businesses to manage operations successfully and allow to come up with new ideas which support the business. The change in the locality is one of the biggest factor which impacts on innovation. Culture of the economies assists in the way organizations operate and propose methods through which the competitive advantage can be acquired. The culture of the society, success factors in the past, productivity in the area, efforts applied and management practices are dominant factors which aid the process of innovation. In the entrepreneurial setup, the factors such as knowledge sharing, development of competencies, quality control, culture of the organization, research & development and availability of funds can be considered as major contributors of the process. All these factors which prevail in the culture determine the study and performance of the firms. Allocation of funds and planning appropriate methods for utilizing the funds are extremely important for the business. During the planning and implementation phase the entrepreneurs need to adapt appropriately to the process (Zayas, & Garcà ­a, 2008). The small business entrepreneurs need to focus on the business operations. This is another important factor apart from innovation and breakthrough ideas. Strong management skills and catering exactly what the customers need are important for managing the business (Fenwick, 2003). From the research, it

Modern-day Slavery and abused domestic workers in kuwait Essay

Modern-day Slavery and abused domestic workers in kuwait - Essay Example There are several cases that domestic workers, who have been abused by their employers tries to escape and the Kuwaiti law allows the employers to sue these domestic workers for trying to abscond and they get these workers deported at the end of the day (Human Rights Watch, 2010). This trend can only encourage modern-day slavery in Kuwait as there have not been stringent laws to curb the excesses of employers that abuse their domestic workers. This situation is rather different from the one in the United States of America as the government of the country has made efforts to reduce the problem of modern-day slavery to the barest minimum. The US government has given the domestic workers the right to sue their employers whenever they feel they have been maltreated by them. Thus, the modern-day slavery in Kuwait seems to be more terrible than the one in the US and this is due to the fact that the domestic workers in US have the right to protest against harsh treatment, while the ones in Kuwait have not been granted that privilege (Human Rights Watch, 2010).

Assess the Consequences of the Civil War for American Politics Essay Example for Free

Assess the Consequences of the Civil War for American Politics Essay With a single shot of John Wilkes Booth’s pistol, the greatest President that ever served America was dead. With the Civil War barely over and with the country in a complete state of moral and political chaos, Abraham Lincoln’s death could not have come at a worse time. (1) The great leader, the brave revolutionary, the progressive politician – Abraham Lincoln was the man who held an ever-changing America together, the only candidate to lead America forward and leave the brutalities of the Civil War, and of course slavery, behind. As it was, Lincoln’s death at Ford’s Theatre could not have come at a worse time for the nation – the death of a national hero, when the people needed him most. (1) His assassination marked the beginning of political chaos within America’s upper echelons, and most unfortunately condemned the south to decades of isolation and the races to a long arduous painful struggle, which remains. (4c)(1) With one single bullet, the soul was immediately ripped out of American politics and all the work of one great man nearly undone. Never before was a strong leader more needed to capitalise on this great opportunity for the country, than after Lincoln’s murder. A man to carry the mantle for this new â€Å"free† America, a great leader to unite the people once again, a man to make America great. Unfortunately, all they got was Andrew Johnson. If the people had wanted a replica of Abraham Lincoln, they were hugely disappointed. As a Democrat from the border state of Tennessee, Johnson was never going to be a mould in Lincoln’s image. (4c) He became very much his own man – whether this was to the benefit of American politics, is highly doubtful. Never before had a President distanced himself so much from Congress. He was egotistical and narrow-minded and never seemed to fully comprehend the complexity of the war that had taken place. As a white southerner, Johnson’s feelings towards blacks were at best mixed. This was seen in his instruction to ex-rebel states to draw up state constitutions and allow ex-confederate leaders to dominate these state governments. (1) Johnson gave these states pretty much â€Å"free rein† over their own affairs and his policy of silence and non-interference was damaging to the freedmen, allowing the states to remain loyal to â€Å"the ause†. (1) Slavery was officially dead, but oppression was thriving. Violence against the freedmen became commonplace and with the introduction of the hugely controversial â€Å"Black Codes† in many states, blacks were denied all but their basic civil rights. Overall, there was a ridiculously ignorant and narrow-minded, yet widely accepte d, view that â€Å"the blacks at large belong to the whites† (Carl Schulz). (1) The infamous Ku Klux Klan (1865) carried out unprecedented violent attacks on the freedmen. (4f) The cowardice of Johnson was seeing all hopes for a brighter future unravel before the freedmen’s eyes. What would Abe Lincoln have thought? However, Johnson was not allowed have an easy ride – Congress fought back and moved to exclude Johnson’s own senators and representatives from the house. (1) To further rile Congress, Johnson in turn vetoed a proposed Fourteenth Amendment (4d)– which defined a U. S. Citizen (including African Americans) – gave extension of powers to the Freedman’s Bureau, and included a reformed civil rights law. (4d) There was now a complete split between the President and the Republican Party. This in turn united the Republican Party; they were united in their hatred of Johnson and now abandoned him. (1) Inevitably, impeachment proceedings were brought against Johnson instigated by Edwin Stanton (the first of its kind to be brought against any American President). These were rightly rejected by Congress. If this had been passed it would have threatened the basis of the Constitutional system that would have caused political chaos. (4a) However, one positive outcome of the whole affair was that it warned all future Presidents not to follow Johnson’s example. In other words, don’t mess with Congress! In 1868, Johnson was finally replaced through the normal political process, by the people’s choice, the hero of Appomattox and Vicks, Ulysses S. Grant (4c) – a very much passive President whose hunger and dedication to the role must come into question. (1) However, despite Grant’s failings as President, at least Congress was united once again and the Congressional majority could now concentrate on the problem of the South and the blacks without interference. Proposed plans for reform in the South were defeated – plans to industrialize it and form the South in the image of the progressive North deemed impossible. For the South had changed greatly – it was now riddled with economic problems with the death of slavery leaving a void in Southern institutions. The general consensus among many was that it must be left for the southerners to sort out – black and white. (1)(4e) Meanwhile, the radical Republican programme was continuing to make massive strides forward: in March 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment was passed giving blacks the vote: â€Å"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by any state on account of race, colour, or previous condition of servitude†. 2)(4d) The Unionists now had the help of black voters and educating them how to vote and more precisely, how to vote Republican, was a priority. (1)(4e) The freed men were now willing and eager to make the most of their freedom – they were no longer irrelevant in American society – for the first time they had a voice. The freedmen’s cause also had a large volume of support behind it from varying sectors: the scalawags and carpetbaggers (essential to radical reconstruction and always eager for change in the South), the capitalists and industrialists (wanting to capitalise on the rich mineral wealth of the South – coal, iron, oil – and of course to maximise its labour supply), and support also from the national institutions (army, church, Freedman’s Bureau, state militias, Union League). (1) With this formidable force behind it the black’s status was gradually improving. Public education was provided and property qualifications for voting were scrapped along with a framework of law not introduced in southern states. (2) This all helped the modernisation of the South (e. g. famous universities such as Howard, Atlanta and Fisk date from this time). (4e) However as the North progressed at a rapid rate, it found new excitement, new pleasures, new factories, new farms and its people and politicians became increasingly bored with the backward South. Time killed off radical leaders and the passion of newly elected civil war leaders died. Times were changing. 1) The Democratic Party now campaigned for black votes and the Republicans did likewise for white supremist votes. The North was now much more concerned with hating the new threat to American liberty, the Irish and European immigrants. (1)(4b) The South, however, had a different, less passive attitude than their Northern cousins. The South was an entirely different place to the North – it may as well have been another world. Reconstruction for the North involved reintroducing states to the political fold on tolerable terms; for the South it meant rebuilding society from its foundations. 1) The divisions in the South at the time were plain for all to see; divisions between blacks and whites, (2) confederates and scalawags, and the classes (farmer class and planter class. ) There was also the economic problem – a southern economy that was based almost solely on cotton suffered hugely as a result of the abolition of slavery and the resulting shortage of a cheap labour supply. (1)(4f) As a result the despair of the South was expressed through savage race conflict and physical force. (4f) â€Å"This is a white man’s government†. This was a call, made ever louder by the growing power and influence of the Ku Klux Klan. Attempts to prevent blacks from voting, drive them from landholdings and intimidate them to prevent them gaining any confidence were all brutally achieved. (1) â€Å"Corruption is the fashion†. (1) Meanwhile, American politics was going through its most dishonest era in history. With unmanageable debts arising from attempts to rebuild South and with corruption and incompetence rife throughout the entire Grant administration there was a split in the Republican party. 1) The 1872 election was fought between the Democrats and now â€Å"Liberal Republicans† – thus proving that two-party politics was here to stay. Grant just survived the Democratic challenge. Now, however, the Democrats had a new lease of life, a new optimism based on the anti-business Jacksonian platform. (1) This optimism was further inflated with the Democratic victory in the Congressional election in 1874. (1 ) Was Reconstruction coming to an end? As it turned out, no. Republican party candidate Rutherford B. Hayes’ administration undoubtedly rigged the 1876 Presidential election in his defeat of Samuel Tilden. Reconstruction was however unofficially dead and by the looks of it, American politics and morals had gone with it. To avert another civil war and to calm the fuming Democrats – a compromise was reached (The Compromise of 1877). (4G) Hayes promised investment in the South in return for the improved treatment of African – Americans. As it turned out this did turn out to be too good to be true. There were still united attacks on blacks and a general decline in the blacks’ social status. Similarly, Hayes returned the compliment in showing little interest in the South – in a region that always voted Democratic. 1) Overall, it must be said that Reconstruction had failed in almost every way. The South was still in turmoil. The blacks were still being treated as second-class citizens (at best) and the southern whites coping with poor land, poor capital and seemingly no hope for the future. Reconstruction did bring about the 14th and 15th amendments giving a solid grounding for blacks in the North. These amendments however did not properly affect blacks in the South for another hundred years. (1) What would Abe Lincoln think? This was a time when the title â€Å"President† mattered very little. Passive and corrupt Presidents became very much the norm – Presidents seemingly doing their utmost to undo the great work of Abraham Lincoln. President Rutherford B. Hayes rigged 1874 election; (4g)(4c) President Garfield will only be remembered for being shot by Charles J. Guiteau; President Arthur was a quiet dignified President, that’s all. (4c) Congress held all the great power now and this is also where the corruption in American politics was most prevalent. Selfish Senators often used their power and exploited their influence to get wealthier off big business corporations. (1) It was clear, politics stank. It is true that the need to eradicate corruption was not helped by the two-party system that now was clearer than ever in American politics. (3)(2) This old-style Jeffersonian system left states to their own devices thus making the disease of corruption almost untreatable, and of course the corruptors almost untouched. (1) It was the mixture of old politics and a new society – a society unable to cope with the rapid changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution changed America into what it is today – a continental nation, rich and productive economically populous, and industrialized, with various ethnic origins. 4b)(1) America was effectively the first fully modern society but as we have seen, was in a constant struggle with itself to adapt to this new â€Å"Gilded Age†. (3) In my opinion, this proves and merely underlines the flaws in the Constitutional Political system: it is a system that proved incapable of abolishing slavery peacefully and now was evide ntly unable to industrialize America morally. Meanwhile, it was now a fact that the big business millionaires and capitalists that were resulting from industrialisation practically owned state governments. Entrepreneurs such as Frick, Carnegie and Rockefeller held absolute control over this new breed of greedy politician. (1) The businessmen competed furiously with each other taking potentially huge risks in the hope of claiming potentially huge profits. (3) Although the politicians in question were by no means godly, it must be said that they were always loyal to their party and extremely patriotic. They kept promises and looked after their own people. They were in politics to make a good living – it was the â€Å"American Way†. However, the Mugwumps were the first group to make their dissent about this continuing epidemic of corruption matter – a group consisting of mainly liberal Republicans. Although the Mugwumps never posed any major threat to politicians they did have their achievements: (1) helped defeat of James Blaine (Republican) by Grover Cleveland in 1884 election. (2) pushed for introduction of secret ballots by 1892 in thirty-three states ( in an attempt to avoid violence and bribery present in past elections). (3) were essentially the spokesmen for the American conscience at the time. The new expanding free education in America now taught children Mugwump ways – taught morals, patriotism and loyalty. Ultimately, however, the Mugwumps never fulfilled their great potential as a serious political party as they were blind to providing for the poorer classes – unlike the established politicians. (1)(4i) Meanwhile, relatively speaking, times looked healthy for the American economy: abundant rainfall, good harvests, easy credit all resulted in benefits for both towns and farms. The winter of 1886-87 changed all that: cattle were destroyed and so-called ‘cattle-kings’ were ruined. Similarly, the summer of drought in 1887 meant that the Kansas harvest failed. (‘In God we trusted, in Kansas we busted’). (1) Now times looked bad. Income for farmers naturally decreased and instead of blaming their own faults, turned their anger towards the mismanaged railroads. (3) The ruthless competition of building railroads in the East, resulted in the businessmen allowing Free Fares for Congressmen for using certain lines and provided ‘rebates’ for big shippers (e. g. Standard Oil). This resulted in the farmers having to pay more to railways to cover the capitalists’ costs adding to the problems of drought. Farmers were now convinced that there was some kind of conspiracy against American agriculture. (1)(3) Everything the American farmer believed in was under threat from this new monster of industry and commerce. All sections of farmers in both the South and West (despite civil war) came together to form the Farmers’ Alliance in an attempt at improving the farmer’s lot. (4i) Farmers now expressed themselves through politics. In 1888 several farmer’s parties contested state elections and fared well (though at Presidential level everything stayed as normal with Benjamin Harrison (Republican) replacing the sterile Cleveland) The newly formed People’s Party in 1892 was another sign of success on the farmers’ part. The real strength of the party was in the enthusiasm of its supporters – the Populists, headed by General James Weaver, did extremely well in the 1892 Presidential election, gaining a very respectable 1029840 votes. (1)(4i) It was a party aiming to restore the soul of America, a soul that had been eaten away in a haze of corruption and greed since the great Lincoln’s murder. The Populists now set out on this great political crusade (not seen since 1840) and laid the agenda for reforms for the next twenty years. They sought dramatic changes: (1) (1) the free coinage of silver (2) a form of income tax be introduced (3) the sub treasury plan of the Farmers’ Alliance (4) the nationalization of railroads (5) the introduction of the secret ballot system in all states (6) a restriction on immigration (which had risen to unprecedented levels with the arrival of Europeans in search of a better living in America. (7) the limit of one-term for Presidents and vice-Presidents (8) Senators to be chosen by the people (9) and most controversially, it called for a national currency to be introduced that could adapt to the needs of the people. (1)(4) The currency question caused a complete split in Congress between the free traders and the protectionists. This substantial divide meant that no rational tariff would be possible. (4j) Grover Cleveland was one man oppo sed to a high tariff. Siding with the ordinary, working-class views, Cleveland’s popular vote naturally increased and he was re-elected for a econd term in 1892. It would be fair to label this term in office as an unqualified failure. (1)(4c)(4j) The economy immediately floundered. He failed to prevent or withdraw the 1890 McKinley Tariff, which undoubtedly favoured the monopolists. Attempts to restore business confidence failed, as businessmen remained unwilling to take risks at such an unsteady time. Efforts by Cleveland to defend the gold-standard (he was widely known as a staunch ‘gold-bug’) only served to widen the gap between himself and Congress. It cannot be denied that this ’gold-bug’ administration completely failed to help the ordinary people through this economic depression – Cleveland failed to revive the economy. (1)(4j) As expected, the Democrats did badly in the 1894 Congressional elections as a wave of strikes swept the country in a vain attempt to prevent mass lay-offs. And what did Cleveland do to help these people most affected by this economic deadline? He introduced labour injunctions and sent federal troops to Chicago to break the railroad strike. (1) The people demanded and deserved more. Discontent grew, as did socialist ideas (similar to Populist ideas. There was a growing demand for greenbacks to be introduced (Fiat money), (1) which would allow the government to regulate the circulation of money. However Weaver made the fatal mistake of concentrating solely on the currency question in the lead up to the 1896 election as this issue had no appeal for those struggling industrial workers – they just wanted work! In the end, the election transpired to be economically irrelevant – instead it became a straight battle between the industrial society and farming communities and settled the identity of the Democratic and Republican parties for good. The Republicans, led by William McKinley and his influential understudy Marcus Alonso Hanna represented the higher class society in America and lectured on the importance of the gold standard (Hanna certainly dominated the campaign while coaching McKinley how to behave). (1)(4k) The Democrats, on the other hand, aimed to rid themselves of all Cleveland’s work. In effect, the populists had captured the Democratic Party and this was confirmed when William Jennings Bryan was chosen to head their campaign. 4k) He was a man of reform and spoke for the plain, ordinary people of rural America. â€Å"You shall not press down upon the brow of labour this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold†. (1) Emphatic and deeply biblical, the language spoke of something of huge importance to the Democrats. It must be said that Bryan re-committed the party to its original principles – principles that kept the party out of office for sixteen years, however , principles that were ultimately beneficial to it. McKinley took the election and the Republicans captured both houses of Congress, which signifies the shift from America from a rural nation to an urbanised one. American politics now had a system and the parties had an identity. Hanna brought Republicans to the wealthy side, while Bryan put the Democratic future firmly into the hands of the poor and weak. (1)(4k) In my opinion, this makes the 1896 election the most important Presidential Election in American history. And then for some reason, the economy picked up. Businesses began to boom again, farmers’ hopes improved and most importantly that famous American self-confidence was restored. (1) As it entered the 20th century, times began to look good again. The nineteenth century ended as it began, in violence. McKinley’s declaration of war on Spain in 1898 put a brief halt to the nation’s progressiveness. It was a brief, yet intensely fought conflict that ultimately led to a victory for the U. S. Navy, resulting in the Spaniards relinquishing their claim to ownership of certain parts of the Caribbean and Pacific, to the Americans. The Spanish/American War – April/July 1898). (4h) Many questions had to be answered going into a new century. Could America fulfil its potential? Could the societies of industry and agriculture live in harmony? Could blacks be accepted as equals? Could immigration be controlled in a way to help American citizens? Could America ever find another leader in the mould of Abraham Lincoln? Could American politics regain its moral values? Could America become the great nation that Lincoln once spoke of? As the great man once said; â€Å"With malice toward none, with harity for all, with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and his orphan – to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations† (Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address. March 4, 1865). (4c) It was now up to America itself to make him proud.

Modern Crime :: essays research papers

"She's just another Hollywood whore, an immoral porn queen. She's beyond redemption," he muttered to himself as he paced back and forth outside her apartment building. He had been constantly walking around outside the building for hours now, harassing people passing on the streets with crazed questions. Suddenly, overcome with resolve, the man stomped back to the building and rang the bell. She had rejected him once, but never again. He had given her a chance, but she had turned him away from her life. How could she do this to him, her biggest fan? After letting go of the buzzer, Robert Bardo hid himself in the bushes by the door. This was the only choice he had left after such a rejection. Twenty-one year old Rebecca Schaeffer, actress on the sitcom My Sister Sam, answered the door for the last time in her life. She had politely turned away a disturbing man earlier that day after explaining to him that she had to study her lines for her next show. However, when she answered the door this time, there was no one there. Bardo saw his chance and acted on it. He burst from the shadowy confines of the bushes and pushed a gun into Schaeffer's chest, pulling the trigger after he had her in his grasp. The bullet barely missed the young actress's heart as she fell to the ground, bleeding from a mortal wound. As Bardo flew from the scene, he stashed the incriminating evidence into the bushes. After interrogations performed by the LAPD, it was found that Bardo had been stalking Schaeffer for a very long time. However, this was not the usual case of a voyeur or a stranger trailing someone throughout their day. Bardo had traced Schaeffer through the use of the computer and its vast resources. With the use of computer databases, Bardo was able to find out where Schaeffer lived, what her telephone number was and who she called, what kind of vehicle she drove, and where she spent her money. It was as if Bardo could look through a window and clearly see all of Schaeffer's personal, intimate secrets (Rothfeder 13-14).This is the perfect example of a modern crime, in which all of an individual's privacy and personal information have become little more than a commodity, easily accessible to anyone with very little hassle. In the highly modernized society in which everyone lives, people compromise their privacy in order to live comfortably.

Qrb/501 Week 6 Deliverable Essay

Week Six News Article Summaries Post Lehman Brothers Stock Market Crash Discussion In 2006, Brothers David and Tom Gardner started a community database to help consumers choose stocks. Developing the concept of longer-term investments over extended periods, versus the forecast method based on timing and risk. Motley Fool, the name chosen for the firm, asked staff to interview the firm’s top 18 investors to discuss lessons learned from the demise of Lehman’s Brother Stock at the five-year anniversary mark. Seth Jayson has learned to invest a little bit each month into the best companies and has stopped looking for quick fixes. Morgan Housel, discusses his lessons: cash= options, and debt= loss of options. Another point is to consider purchasing more when the stock crashes and to view risk as a gift. The forecast profession is deceptive, and to recognize that the market has recovered in four years. David Gardner predicted the fall of Lehman Brothers six months prior to the fall, which reinforced his methods of helping investors, succeed in the market. LouAnn Lofton recommends separating emotion form investing, to think long term and purchase stocks at lower rates during the crash. Alyce Lomax indicates her fears that people have not learned from the crash and that history has a habit of repeating itself. Alex Dumortier, who is CFA, explains his perspective of considering the unimaginable as possible and to prepare for uncertain measures. Jim Mueller recommends his tool for success has b een to keep a journal. Stating his process is to analyze motivations and trends before choosing to purchase stock. Charley Travers firmly reinforces investing in companies with cash rich balance sheets and strong free cash flows. Matt DiLallo took a time out from the market post-crash and looked for longevity instead of timing, stating â€Å"timing in the stock market is a fool’s errand† (Motley Fool Staff, 2012, n.p.). Chuck Saletta shares his process of choosing based on a solid balance sheet. Isaac Pino believes that Main Street has learned and suffered post-crash but not Wall Street, claiming that banks are still carrying too much debt and leverage. Patrick Morris supports what he learned during college studying finance, that â€Å"stocks are priced to be the present values of future cash flows,† and supports rate of return for stocks yielding more than savings (Motley Fool Staff, 2012, n.p.). Frank Thomas believes in planning and building a buying list whil e maintaining enough cash to support daily living costs. John Divine stresses the need to remain calm and keep the long-term goals in the big picture. Joe Tenebruso viewed the crash as an opportunity to move capital into strong companies and developed a new strategy he named Tier 1. Jake Keator learned that investing takes time and to be patient. Anders Bylund recommends the approach of keeping 10% of retirement liquid. John Reeves expresses that in a down market good companies like â€Å"Starbucks and Apple,† are misrepresented in the stock market but will bounce back in time (Motley Fool Staff, 2012, n.p.). In conclusion, the firm of Motley Fool explains skills learned to excel in the stock market: reinforcing long-term goals with companies in good financial shape, and consider purchasing those companies’ stocks during down markets to maximize return. 2008 Crisis Still Hangs Over Credit-Rating Firms This article has some direct links to business math principles because it addresses some concerns from the 2008 financial crisis. In 2008, some financial guru(s) compared it to the great depression, revamping the name to the â€Å"great recession† (Krantz, 2013, n.p.). During this time many major corporations, financial mainly, went into some sort of bankruptcy and got a bail out from the government. In this article the author addresses how some credit rating agencies were excusing poor credit ratings and banks allowing approval of risky mortgages when they should not have. In 2008 the agencies’ ratings played a critical role in the marketing of risky mortgage-backed securities, such as collateralized debt obligations. Investment banks had also bundled collections of individual mortgages, which alone can be hard to trade, into baskets that could be bought and sold like any bonds. These financial instruments were sold to investors but to sell them, the investment banks relied on the receipt of stellar ratings from the agencies to tempt investors starved for return. The author questions whether or not these companies have learned from their mistakes to avoid making the same mistakes again. This article links to this week’s objectives of applying business principles to make finance and operational business decisions because, in these aforementioned instances, credit rating agencies did not do that. They did not follow the basic math principles of business and instead took a road that surpassed logic and went more into greed. By applying the business math principles these agencies would have known that the risk was too great and would not have approved such deals because of the severity of the risks. Obama to Use Lehman Anniversary to Cite Progress * In this article, the author discusses President Obama’s progress on the economy. He is using the fall of the Lehman Brothers to show how much progress he has made in the economy. He is using certain math principles to try to help America get out of the financial crisis. He is trying to create a budget system but is clashing with Congress on the decisions he is making. President Obama argues that a better capitalized and regulated financial sector will give more credit. This will in turn help fuel the economy. According to the article, the federal government has paid back the debt that the accrued during bailouts of 2008. According to the Pew Research Center poll, the public is not convinced that the economy is fixed. The unemployment rate is at 7.3%, which is high. The article states this high rate is because some people have left the workforce and stopped trying to join it again. Sen. Elizabeth Warren, a Massachusetts democra t stated, â€Å"We should not accept a financial system that allows the biggest banks to emerge from a crisis in record-setting shape while ordinary Americans continue to struggle† (Kuhnhenn, 2013, n.p.). Obama wants to continue with his budget and use part of the $700 billion that has been allocated to help bail out other companies. The public accepted this a general success. The end of the article states that the federal government will bring in more revenue this year but still has $700 billion budget deficit. There is a spending problem, and it must be addressed. As a business it has to have an income through goods, sales, etc. to succeed. This needs to exceed the liabilities and expense. In the end, this is not what is happening. * The DOW has a Good Week The Dayton Daily News reported that the DOW Jones industrial average had one of its best week’s this year, rising 75 points (0.5%). The speculation for this positive performance included reports showing both inflation remaining stable and consumers purchasing more. Another helpful act came from Intel’s stock rising 66 cents (3%). Analysts found that reports varied on how the economy performed: some showed that although Americans purchased more items like cars and electronics, major clothing retailers cut profit projections for the remainder of the year because of lower sales. Wholesale prices, however, did not grow much, lending evidence that inflation is relatively stable. Investors stated that trading will likely change drastically after the Federal Reserve’s policy meeting on September 17-18, citing that they will decide plans for the bond purchasing program and how much they will cut back spending on those bonds. This article relates to the course objective quite directly. This week’s learning objective ties this course together, taking business math principles and using them to make operational decisions. The DOW Jones shows businesses how they stand against competitors and reveal areas for potential investment. Many corporations have investment advisors watching the stock market and advising when and what to buy or sell. Business leaders watching and analyzing the DOW Jones not only reveals insight into how individual businesses perform but also shows them the prices in certain markets. This is a useful tool for investors to know where to put their money, buying stocks when prices in one market are low and selling stocks in another market where prices have peaked. Your Money: Keeping retirement on track takes focus The main focus of this article was how the financial crisis five years ago has made it harder for people wanting to retire. People today when they want to retire have to take into consideration that in order to retire today there must be a savings in place. According to a retirement survey done by PNC Perspectives people that originally planned to retire between the ages of 60 to 62 will have to work longer than originally expected (Tompor, 2013). According to the survey, â€Å"About 43% of those who are not yet retired and still working said they have a pension; but about 64% of those who are retired have a pension†(Tompor, 2013). This article also shows interviews done with Thomas Palka and Connie DeMetsenare. Thomas is a self-employed business man that does not currently have a pension plan. Thomas at the age of 52 has no plans on retiring any time soon. He knows he has to continue to work in order to have income coming in. Connie is 48 and current is investing in a 401(k) plan through her employer. He and her spouse paid cash for their current house they live in to eliminate being stuck paying a mortgage they may not be able to afford once they retire. Connie plans to retire at the age of 67. Based on this article many aspects can stop a person from retiring. Those aspects include not having a pension or 401(K) plan in place, financial crisis that can affect retirement funds, and having too much debt. To live comfortably a person must have a savings plan in place and eliminate their current debt. Reference AP, A. (2013, September 14). Dow has good week. Dayton Daily News. Retrieved from http://www.daytondailynews.com/news/business/dow-has-good-week/nZwx2/ Krantz, M. (2013, September 13). 2008 crisis still hangs over credit-rating firms. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/09/13/credit-rating-agencies-2008-financial-crisis-lehman/2759025/ Kuhnhenn, J. (2013, September 14). Obama to use Lehman anniversary to cite progress. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/09/14/obama-lehman-anniversary/2813687/ Motley Fool Staff, (2013, September 12). Five Years After Lehman: Investing Lessons from the Financial Crisis. Retrieved from http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2013/9/12/5-years-after-lehman-investing-lessons-from-the-fi.aspx?source=ihpsitth0000003&lidx=1

Business Proposal Essay

Funding Requirements14 Confidentiality Agreement The undersigned reader acknowledges that the information provided in this business plan is confidential; therefore, the reader agrees not to disclose it without the express written permission of Mr. K Seeman Durai. It is acknowledged by the reader that information to be furnished in this business plan is in all respects confidential in nature, other than information that is in the public domain through other means, and that any disclosure or use of this confidential information by the reader may cause serious harm or damage to M/s. Newsky Fireworks Limited Upon request, this document is to be immediately returned to Mr K Seeman Durai. Signature Date : 26. 05. 2013 1. Executive Summary Promoter’s Profile 1. Name:K Seeman Durai 2. Age:45 years 3. Address:No. 4859 Nethaji Road, Sivakasi 4. Educational Qualification:M. B. A. , M. I. B. 5. Years of Experience:20 years (M/s. Murugan Fireworks) Financial projections are summarised and highlighted. (Rs. In Lakhs) |Particulars |Year 1 |Year 2 |Year 3 | |Sales |50. 0 |75. 00 |90. 00 | |Exports |35. 00 |40. 00 |50. 00 | |Net Profit before Tax |15. 00 |35. 00 |50. 00 | |Investment |80. 00 |90. 00 |95. 00 | 2. Company Description Promoters and Shareholders |Name |Age |Designation |Address |No. of Shares | |K Seeman Durai |45 |Promoter |No. 859 Nethaji Road, Sivakasi |10 lakhs | | Karthik |43 |Chief Executive |No. 728, West Car Street, Trichy |1 Lakh | | | |Officer | | | | Jeya Sivasakthi |45 |Managing Director |No. 73, South Masi Road, Coimbatore. |2 lakh | |Kandan | | | | | |P. Dhanalakshmi |35 |Director |No. 83, Sarojini Road, Salem. |3 lakh | |T. Abinaya |34 |Director |No. 34, Second Street, Theni |3 lakh | |S. Aishwarya |40 |Member |No. 4859 Nethaji Road, Sivakasi |1 lakh | |S. Geetha |39 |Member |No. 73, South Masi Road, Coimbatore. |1 lakh | Advisors |Name |Educational |Role |Address |Contact No. | |Qualification | | | | |CA G Rajesh |M. Com. , F. C. A. |First Auditor |8493 Sarojini Street, Chennai|+919835748343 | |Mrs. D Sheela |M. A. ,M. L. , |Legal Advisor |857, Gandhi Road, Madurai |+919447382342 | |Mr. K Gulandaivel |B. E. , |Technical Advisror|76, Tagore Street, Vellore |+919472834234 | Products and Services †¢ Unique Selling Points : Crackers that burst with wordings regarding to the occasion. e. g. Happy Diwali, Happy New Year, Happy Married Life etc. ) Long Term Aim of the Business â€Å"To provide Eco-Friendly Crackers† Objectives |Particulars |I |II |III |IV |V | |Sales |50. 00 |75. 00 |90. 00 |95. 00 |100. 00 | |Exports |35. 00 |40. 00 |50. 00 |55. 00 |60. 00 | |Employment |2. 00 |2. 15 |2. 25 |2. 50 |2. 60 | SWOT Analysis Strengths |Weaknesses | | | | |Investments and Professionals | | |Opportunities |Threats | | | | |Everlasting Demand |Competitions | 3. Market Analysis Target Market Market Segmentation Profile of Competitors Main Competitors would be : †¢ Arasan Groups of Fireworks Industries †¢ Kaliswari Fireworks †¢ Sony Fireworks Competitive Advantage We have the following Competitive Advantages †¢ Unique features †¢ Price †¢ New technologies or systems †¢ Better value to customers in terms of efficiency †¢ Greater compatibility with existing systems †¢ Include any independent validation or case studies Benefits to Clients Our product provides to potential customers in terms of their own business goals. It enable them to: †¢ Increase sales †¢ Increase efficiencies Save money †¢ Save time †¢ Maximise resources †¢ Reduce errors †¢ Reduce downtime †¢ Improve Customer Service, reduce churn, increase loyalty 4. Marketing/Sales Strategy Marketing Strategy †¢ The Southern Tamil Nadu zone is to be concentrated first and youngsters are to be focused †¢ Followed by youngsters, children, adults are to be concentrated †¢ Youngsters are the potential customers already targeted †¢ Test site in operation are will be conducted, and feedback will be analysed properly †¢ Agents and Representatives are expected for marketing Sales Strategy The major Sales Strategy is to sell directly and by means of distributors. Particulars |Direct Sales |Through Distributors | |Composition |25% |75% | |Cost Involved |10/unit |7/unit | |Pricing |Penetration |Penetration | Pricing †¢ Competitors Price is higher than our price †¢ There is a sufficient level of competition in the market †¢ Production costs and overheads are expected to be 60% of sales †¢ The buyer can control the price to a c onsiderable level. Marketing and Communications Strategy Advertising and Publicity will be the active source of Promotion. Advertising : Through televisions and newspapers. It is targeted to audience all over the state at the initial level Publicity : Banners have been planned to be placed at various hot locations 5. Research and Development Process [pic] Research and Development It has been planned to organize a R&D Department that would be actively engaged in the research of Eco-friendly crackers and to come up with various innovative ideas. 6. Staffing and Operation Management Organisation Chart Staffing †¢ Department Managers are to be appointed by the Board of Directors. The selection criteria for the same would be Educational Qualification, Experience, Age etc. , Department Managers are given the power to recruit employees for their concerned departments for which selection criteria is to be set by the directors. †¢ Skilled, Semi-Skilled and Unskilled Workers are to be utilised for various production processes. The same would be procured from the nearest locations at a reasonable cost. Tr aining Plans Training Programmes are to be conducted at regular intervals in order to enhance the efficiency of the skill levels of the workers. 7. Financial Projections IKey Assumptions10 IIBalance Sheets11 IIICashflow12 Requirements for Preparation of Projections 6. Opening figures included based on latest Mgmt/Audited accounts 7. Shareholders Fund analysed into Share Capital, Share Premium and Retained Profits 8. Sales Assumptions provided by unit, price segment & geography and reconciled to pipeline 9. Expenditure categorised into R&D, Admin and Overheads and Promoters / key managers salaries 10. Identification of monthly and cumulative company operational deficits 11. Sensitivity analysis may be required, detailing strategies to be implemented if sales or expenditure targets are not met. 12. Projections should identify separately Operational Cash Flow and external Cash Injections IKey Assumptions |Particulars |Year 1 |Year 2 | |No. f Employees |250 |300 | |Investments in Equipment |1,50,00,000 |1,55,00,000 | |Projected R&D costs |25,00,000 |20,00,000 | |Depreciation allowed for |12,00,000 |11,50,000 | |Expected rent and rates charges |5,00,000 |5,00,000 | |Creditor days expected |45 |60 | |Debtor days allowed |60 |60 | IIIBalance Sheets IVCashflow 9. Funding Requirements |S. No. |Sources |Amount | |1. |Equity Shares of Rs. 10 each |Rs. 60 crore | |2. |10% Preference Shares of Rs. 100 each |Rs. 25 crore | |3. |8% Debenture of Rs. 100 each |Rs. 25 crore | |4. |Term Loans |Rs. 10 crore | Required for: †¢ Equipment:10 crore †¢ R&D:15 crore †¢ Marketing:2 crores †¢ Staffing:6 crores ———————– 26. 05. 2013 Newsky Firework Limited Business Proposal K Seeman Durai & Group